I-bronchitis yisifo esivamile phakathi kwezinsana nezingane. Amasosha abo omzimba awakavuthwa kakhulu futhi izingane eziningi zihlushwa yiwo i-bronchitis eyingozi. Ikhiqizwa ngu ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe kwamashubhu e-bronchial etholakala emaphashini, futhi ingathinta yonke iminyaka.
Kunamagciwane okuphefumula ahambisana nalesi sifo (i-respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza noma umkhuhlane) okuyizona ezidala lesi simo ezikhathini eziningi. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 ubudala nazo zingangenwa yi- I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae kanye ne-Chlamydia pneumoniae.
Iyini i-bronchitis ezinganeni?
I-bronchitis yisifo sokuphefumula lapho kwenzeka ukuvuvukala okunamandla kwe-mucosa ye-bronchial. I-bronchi etholakala emaphashini ivinjwe amafinyila ukukhiqiza ukukhwehlela okwesabekayo. Ukubonakaliswa kwayo ngokuvamile akudluli amaviki amabili.
Ukuyixilonga, ingane izoqale iye lapho izobhekwa khona lokho ukukhwehlela noma ngaphandle kwe-expectoration yamafinyila, futhi kuphi Ngeke ihlale amaviki ama-2. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zingane noma izingane zasenkulisa zivela nezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana i-rhinopharyngitis noma umkhuhlane ophezulu wokuphefumula. Ukuhlanza kungase kwenzeke futhi ngenxa ye-phlegm ekhwehlela.
i-mucus noma i-phlegm ezixoshwayo kufanele zibhekwe, nakuba ezimweni eziningi akusho ukuthi ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya, kodwa nge i-peroxidase ekhishwa ngama-leukocyte ezikhona kumafinyila. Amafinyila aluhlaza akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ama-antibiotic kufanele anikezwe, ukuhlolwa kuzohlolwa kangcono ngudokotela wezingane.
Yiziphi izimpawu onazo? Ifomu eliyinhloko ukukhwehlela, noma ngabe ukukhwehlela okomile, ukukhwehlela okuklinyiweyo, imisindo ehemuzayo esifubeni lapho uphefumula kanti kwezinye ngokuvamile kunikeza imfiva ethile.
I-bronchitis engapheli noma ephindaphindiwe
Ibhekwa njengehlala njalo uma ine-a ubude besikhathi esingaphezu kwamaviki angu-3 noma kwenzeke ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ucwaningo kufanele lwenziwe uma kwenzeka ingane inokulimala okubangelwa isiqephu esibucayi, isifo esicashile noma ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kuma-ejenti acasulayo.
Ibangelwa Yini I-bronchitis?
I-bronchitis ivame ukubonakala ngokuphindaphinda okwengeziwe ezinyangeni zasebusika nasezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa inani elikhulu lamagciwane okuphefumula, i-rhinovirus noma i-mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Ezinye izici zingase zibe indawo engaphephile ungaphefumula kuphi izinto ezicasulayo njengogwayi, ama-aerosol noma izibulala-zinambuzane. Ukungcola komkhathi nakho kungaba yimbangela, kanye nesimo sezulu esinomswakama ezindaweni ezibanda kakhulu noma ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa.
Izingane ezineminyaka engu-7-8 ubudala Bangaveza lezi zimpawu njengokusabela kwezimbangela zokungezwani komzimba, njengokuthintana nezilwane noma ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo. Kulokhu, i-bronchi Ziyavuvuka zibangele i-bronchitis.
Ingelashwa kanjani?
Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis. izidakamizwa-based. Uma imfiva yezinga eliphansi ikhona, ingalawulwa ezinye antipyretic futhi wenze umkhuhlane wehle ngisho nangokubeka izindwangu ezimanzi nezifudumele.
izophathwa iziphuzo eziningi ngakho-ke ingancibilikisa amafinyila kangcono kakhulu futhi isize ngisho nangomkhuhlane.
Ngenxa yalokho kukhwehlela okucasulayo kufanele uye kudokotela wezingane ukuze ahlole izinga futhi angeluleka uhlobo oluthile lomshini. Kulokhu, i-spacer chamber ingase itholakale ekhaya ukuze iphathwe bronchodilators izosetshenziswa kuphi i-salbutamol noma i-terbutaline ephefumulelwe.
Ngale ndlela, amaseshini 2 kuya ku-4 amaphaphu e-salbutamol nge-chamber eshiwo ukuze ikwazi ukukhulula ukuphefumula kwakho, izosebenza ku-bronchi evinjiwe ukuze ivule futhi ithuthukise ukungena komoya. Ungakwazi futhi ukunikeza corticosteroids ngomlomo njalo 8 noma 12 amahora kanye ubude besikhathi sezinsuku ezi-5 kuye kweziyi-7.
I-bronchitis ayihlali ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10 futhi izinsuku ezimbi kakhulu ngokuvamile zenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 nezi-4 zokuqala. Ngokuvamile ishintsha ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi uma ibeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10, kufanele kukhulunywe nochwepheshe.