Izingane ebusika zivame ukubamba umkhuhlane, imikhuhlane, i-bronchiolitis futhi kwesinye isikhathi inyumoniya. Ikakhulukazi lapho beqala ukuya enkulisa noma esikoleni lapho bexhumana kakhulu namagciwane, uma kungakabi yisikhathi noma uma bechayeka ekungcoleni noma kugwayi nasekuguqukeni kwezinga lokushisa. Lezi zimo zingakhuphula kakhulu ubungozi bokuhlushwa yiyo. Ukuze ukwazi ukwahlukanisa ifayela le- inyumoniya ezinganeni womkhuhlane sikutshela umehluko, izimpawu zayo, izinhlobo nokuthi iphathwa kanjani.
Iyini inyumoniya ezinganeni?
I-pneumonia iyi- izifo ezivame kakhulu zokuphefumula ezinganeni, ikakhulukazi labo abangaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Kubanga ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zamaphaphu, futhi izimpawu zifana kakhulu nalezo zomkhuhlane. Kuqala kuvela ngezimpawu ezincane futhi kube kubi kakhulu, noma kwesinye isikhathi kungaba kubi kangako ukuthi ukwelashwa esibhedlela kuyadingeka. Izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala zisengozini enkulu yokuba nenyumoniya, ikakhulukazi uma zizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi njengoba amasosha omzimba engakakhuli ngokuphelele.
Ngokuvamile kubangelwa amagciwane, yize kwesinye isikhathi kungabangelwa yi- igciwane noma ukhunta. Yisifo esibi futhi esisongela impilo esidinga ukusheshe sitholakale. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sazi ukuthi singabona kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho kungenzeka ukuthi inenyumoniya yokwenza ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ziyini izimpawu zenyumoniya?
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu ongaphezu kuka-38º izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-3.
- Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
- Ukukhwehlela, okungaholela ekuhlanzeni.
- Ukuphefumula kanzima, ngokububula esifubeni lapho uphefumula.
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo nokufushane, kunemisindo yokuphefumula.
- Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
- Elandelwa umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.
- Ubuhlungu besisu
Uma ubona ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, yise kudokotela ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze ikwazi ukwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo. Ngale ndlela, inyumoniya ingakhishwa ngaphandle noma yelashwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokushesha lapho itholwa iba ngcono. Uma kuyingane futhi inemfiva engaphezu kuka-39º, ingafuni ukudla, inenhlanzeko nohudo, shesha uye esibhedlela.
Izingane zithola kanjani ukuthi zine-pneumonia?
Udokotela wezingane uzobheka izimpawu zakho bese e-oda i-X-ray yesifuba, futhi angahle ahlele nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngokuya ngokuxilongwa, uzokuphathisa ama-antibiotic afanele kakhulu ngokwecala lakho, okuvame ukuhlala cishe amasonto ama-2. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, uzodinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela, ngaphandle kwalokho uzokwazi ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa kwakhe esekhaya.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zenyumoniya:
- I-bacterial pneumonia: kubangelwa amagciwane, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics.
- I-virne pneumonia: kubangelwa igciwane futhi ukwelashwa kuzoncika njengoba lungekho unyango olwanele lwawo wonke amagciwane.
- I-pneumonia yokuphefumula: kubangelwa ukuphefumula kuketshezi olufana nokuhlanza kwakho, imvelaphi ingaba igciwane noma ibhaktheriya.
- I-pneumonia engavamile: kubangelwa amagciwane amancane ngaphandle kwe-pneumonia ejwayelekile.
- I-pneumonia yomphakathi noma yomphakathi: ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu ngaphandle kwesibhedlela noma emahoreni angama-48 okuqala esibhedlela.
- I-pneumonia yesibhedlela noma i-nosocomial: Ikhula ngesikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela noma kuze kube amasonto ama-2 ngemuva kokukhishwa.
Yini thina bazali esingayenza ngaphandle kokumelapha?
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukulandela yonke imiyalo kadokotela wezingane kuze kube yilapho ukwelashwa kuqediwe, noma ngabe usuvele uzizwa ungcono. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukubuyela emuva ngangokunokwenzeka.
Futhi ekhaya singalandela izinkomba ezithile ezifana gcina ingane i-hydrate ukumnikeza uketshezi oluningi, ikakhulukazi amanzi nobisi. Futhi ukuthi kunjalo kusuthe kahle. Kujwayelekile ukuthi akafuni ukudla izinsuku zokuqala, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungamphoqi. Lapho isifiso sesibuyela esimweni esifanele, sizobe sinikeza izinto ezigayeka kalula nezinomsoco. Akunconyelwa ukudalula ingane ezintweni ezisalungiswa noma ekubhemeni ugwayi, ugcine ukuphumula nokugwema izindawo zomphakathi futhi wazi ukushisa kwawo.
Kujwayelekile ukuthi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ingane iphansi kakhulu futhi iphazamisekile. Kufanele ubekezele futhi umnikeze ukutotosa okuningi ukuze ezizwe evikelekile.
Ngoba khumbula ... izingane zithambekele kakhulu ekubeni nenyumoniya ngakho-ke abazali kufanele banake izimpawu zokuthi benze ngokushesha okukhulu.