Ngemuva kokukhulelwa sifika ku Isonto lama-4 lokukhulelwa, okubhekwa njengokuthuthuka kwesibili: kulapho umbungu uzitshala odongeni lwesibeletho (indawo lapho azokhula khona futhi alungiselele ukuphuma ngaphandle ngosuku lokubeletha). Ukuxhumana ngu- ngezinsuku ezingama-21 kuya kwezingama-28 zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathiniKodwa ukuya esikhathini kuye kwamiswa yi-hormone I-chorionic gonadotropin yomuntu (hCG)yilokho ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa okukutholayo. Ngakho-ke, ukungabikho kokuya esikhathini, ikakhulukazi uma uzama ukukhulelwa, kuyimbangela uphawu lokuqala olusobala ukuqaphela; futhi khumbula ukuthi uma izinsolo zakho ziqinisekisiwe kufanele (uma ungakakwenzi) uqale ukuthatha izithasiselo ze- i-folic acid, njengoba sibonisile lapha (400 mcg nsuku zonke, ngaphandle uma udokotela ekubonisile ngenye indlela).
Phakathi kwaleli sonto nelilandelayo kulapho sivame ukucela ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhemisi noma eSikhungweni Sokuhlela Umndeni. Uma ukuya kwakho esikhathini kungajwayelekile, Kungaba ngcono ukulinda izinsuku ezimbalwaNakuba ngazi ukuthi ukubekezela kuyantuleka kulesi simo. Uma uthenga ikhithi yokuhlola ukukhulelwa, funda imiyalelo ngokucophelela, futhi njalo wenze ukuhlolwa nge umchamo wokuqala ekuseniI-hCG ihlala njalo emchameni, kodwa kungesikhathi lapho amazinga aphezulu khona, futhi ukwenza isivivinyo emini kunganikeza umphumela odidayo.
Ukungayi esikhathini kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala, futhi uma kuwukukhulelwa okuhleliwe, akunakugwenywa ukuzizwa unethemba, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu. Ungase uzizwe... isicanucanu noma isiyeziFuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhathele; kuyinto evamile futhi ukuzizwa ukucindezeleka kwesifubaNakuba imizwa ifana naleyo esiyitholayo nge-premenstrual syndrome (ngaphandle kokudabuka okuhambisana nalokhu kwamuva), ukuzizwa komuntu siqu okuxwayisa abanye omama; futhi Imigqa emibili epinki yiyo esiqinisekisa sonke ukuthi ukukhulelwa sekufeziweKodwa masingazethembi bese sibuyela kulokho kuqaliswa.
Umbungu ubheka indlu
Ngemva kokukhulelwa i-blastocyst (isigaba sombungu asikaqali) sehlela esibelethweni bese sikhiqiza izandiso ezincane ezisifaka noma zisigqibe ku-endometrium: Ukuqaliswa sekuphelile Futhi isidalwa esizokhula kusukela kulokhu kuhlukaniswa kweseli sesivele sinekhaya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwakheka kwe placenta futhi i umgodi we-amniotic.
Esontweni lesine lokukhulelwa, lapho umbungu ufika esibelethweni sikamama, usuke usesibelethweni sikanina. isigaba se-blastocystKulesi sigaba, i-blastocyst inezakhiwo ezimbili ezihlukene: i- isisindo sangaphakathi seseli (lapho umntwana ezokhula khona) kanye lezinhleokuzoveza i-placenta kanye ne-umbilical cord. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa, i-blastocyst iyasuka embozweni wayo wangaphandle ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuchanyuselwa, okuvumela ukuthi inamathele ku-endometrium.
Ukufakelwa kwe-embryonic kuyinto inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi Lokhu kuhilela ukunamathela kwe-endometrium ukuze ikwazi ukuthola igazi elinomoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ezivela kumama, okudingekayo ekukhuleni kwayo okulandelayo. Ukusuka lapho, i-trophoblast izohluka ibe i-syncytiotrophoblast (ungqimba lwangaphandle oluhlasela i-endometrium futhi lumise ukujikeleza kwegazi kwesibeletho) kanye i-cytotrophoblast (ungqimba lwangaphakathi oluzokwakha amaseli alo i-chorionic villi, futhi kamuva, ingxenye yentambo yesisu kanye nesikhwama se-yolk esiqondile).
Usayizi wombungu omncane ofakiwe kuvimbela i-ultrasound ukuthi ingakuboninakuba i-ultrasound yesitho sangasese sowesifazane ingasiza ukubona isikhwama sokukhulelwa futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, i isikhwama se-yolk ngaphandle kobufakazi bokuthi impilo entsha ngaphakathi iyaqhubeka ngamandla. Kusele isonto elilodwa kuphela ngaphambi kokuba ukwazi ukukubona, futhi ngiyazi ukuthi yize ngikutshela ukuthi akukho ukushesha, ushesha. Uma ingane yakho isivele inawe, ungamane... zinakekele futhi umnakekele, futhi ube khona emihlanganweni ehlelwe ngumbelethisi kanye nodokotela wezifo zabesifazane.
Ngenhlanhla, namuhla sinayo ulwazi oluningiNezindawo ezingokoqobo lapho ungaxhumana khona nabanye omama. Kodwa-ke, ngiyaphinda: phumula futhi ujabulele lesi sigaba esisha sempilo yakho, qhathanisa ulwazi uma kudingeka, futhi uvumele ukuqondiswa yimizwa yakho kanye neseluleko sochwepheshe bezempilo.
Ukufakelwa kwegazi - akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho
I-embryo incane kodwa izendlalelo ezintathu zamaseli Zakha izicubu ezahlukene: ungqimba lwangaphakathi luzoba izitho zomzimba; ungqimba oluphakathi, uhlaka lwamathambo, lwemisipha, lokukhipha uketshezi, kanye nohlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi; ungqimba olungaphandle luzoba isikhumba, izinwele, amehlo, kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa. Kafushane nje, ungqimba olungaphakathi luzoba izitho zomzimba; ungqimba oluphakathi luzoba yizitho zomzimba, uhlaka lwamathambo, lwemisipha, lokukhipha uketshezi, kanye nohlelo lwezinhliziyo; ungqimba olungaphandle luzoba yisikhumba, izinwele, amehlo, kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa. i-ectoderm kuzodala uhlelo lwezinzwa, isikhumba, kanye nezitho zomzimba; i-mesoderm Kuzodala uhlaka lwamathambo, izinhlelo zokujikeleza kwegazi kanye neze-lymphatic, ama-ovari, ama-testicles, kanye nemisipha; kanye i-endoderm Kuzokwakha uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, amaphaphu, i-thyroid, izinso, amanyikwe, nesibindi. Imvelo isebenza ngokunemba okumangalisayo.
Kuleli viki Yilokhu esikwazi ngokuthi ukopha kokufakelwaNakuba umzimba wakho usebenza ukuvimbela ukuya esikhathini ngochungechunge lwezimpawu nangosizo lwe-hCG, i-blastocyst ibangela ukuphuma kwegazi, ngokuvamile okulula, njengoba igugula izicubu ezimboze i-endometrium (ezwela kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi futhi enikezwa imithambo yegazi ezondla umbungu osakhula). Lokhu kuphuma kwegazi kuvame ukuba mnyama kunegazi lokuya esikhathini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuba amaconsi ambalwa nje, ngakho ungakhathazeki uma inalezi zici.
Ukopha kokufakelwa ngokuvamile kuvela njenge- umbala omncane kakhuluUnombala opinki noma onsundu, uhlala phakathi kosuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili, futhi uhambisana nosuku olulinganiselwe lokuya esikhathini kwakho. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa lokhu nokuya esikhathini: ukuphuma kwegazi kokuya esikhathini kuba nzima, kubomvu ngokugqamile, futhi kuvame ukuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu nobuhlala isikhathi eside.
Abanye besifazane bangase baqaphele ukuqaqamba okuncane Esiswini esingezansi ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, kufana nobuhlungu bokuya esikhathini kodwa abunamandla kangako. Lokhu buhlungu buhlobene nokuhlasela kwe-endometrium yi-trophoblast kanye nokuzivumelanisa kwesibeletho nokuba khona kombungu.
Ukuqaliswa kwalokhu kuphawula ukuqala kwe- ukukhiqizwa kwe-hCG okunamandlaOkokuqala yi-embryo bese kuba yi-placenta ekhulayo. Le hormone igcina i-corpus luteum esibelethweni ukuze iqhubeke nokukhipha iprogesterone, i-hormone ebalulekile yokusekela ukukhulelwa kula masonto okuqala nokuvimbela ukuphuma kwe-endometrium.
Usanda kubuka ividiyo engase isuse ukungabaza kwakho:
Kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe, kodwa uyaqaphela yini intuthuko enkulu eyenziwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje? Kusukela ekuvundisweni phakathi kwamaseli amabili, sithuthela entweni ephilayo eyakhiwe izendlalelo ezintathu eziqala ukuzondla; ngaphezu kwalokho, placenta, the i-sac ye-amnioticfuthi i ipulaki le-mucousukuvimbela ukutheleleka nokuvikela ingane yakho yesikhathi esizayo.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho esontweni lesi-4?
Ngoba amasonto okukhulelwa aqala ukubalwa kusukela usuku lwesikhathi sokugcina (LMP), amasonto okukhulelwa awahambisani ncamashi nobudala bangempela bombungu. Esontweni lesine lokukhulelwa, umbungu cishe uneminyaka engu-100. amasonto amabili kusukela ekukhulelweni, yize ezingeni lezokwelapha sesivele sikhuluma ngamasonto amane okukhulelwa.
Uphawu oluyinhloko ongalubona yilona kanye ukuphuthelwa isikhathiNgaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izinguquko zenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kwe-hCG, i-estrogen, ne-progesterone: ukukhathala okukhulu, kudingeka ulale kakhudlwana, ukugcinwa kwamanziUkufisa njalo ukuchama, ukuqina noma ukuhlaba esiswini esingezansi, ukwanda kokuzwela kwamabele, izinguquko ephunga nasekunambithekeni, kanye nokugula kokuqala ekuseni.
Eziningi zalezi zimpawu zifana kakhulu neze- Isifo sangaphambi kokuya esikhathiniYingakho kulula kangaka ukuzidida. Umehluko uvame ukuba se- Ukuziphendukela kwemveloNgesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izimpawu zihlala zifana noma ziyanda, kuyilapho ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini ziyanyamalala lapho kuqala ukopha.
Abanye besifazane abazizwa lutho nhlobo kulesi sigaba, futhi lokho kuyinto evamile. Ukungabikho kwezimpawu akusho ukuthi ukukhulelwa akuqhubeki: wonke umzimba usabela ngendlela ehlukile ezinguqukweni zamahomoni.
Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ngesonto lesi-4
Ekupheleni kwesonto lesi-4, kuvame ukwenzeka usuku lokuqala lokungabikhoFuthi yisikhathi esifanele sokuhlola ukukhulelwa ekhaya. Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa inani... i-hormone ye-beta-hCG emchameni. Ukuze kwandiswe ukuthembeka kwazo, kunconywa ukuthi zisetshenziswe umchamo wokuqala ekuseni, lapho ukuhlushwa kwe-hCG kuphakeme.
Uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kusenesikhathi kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthola okungelona iqiniso Ngoba amazinga ama-hormone awakafiki emngceleni wokutholwa. Uma kunjalo, kungcono ukuphinda ukuhlolwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kwabesifazane abanemijikelezo engajwayelekile noma emide, ikakhulukazi uma benesifo se-polycystic ovary syndrome noma sebesondela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini, ukuhlolwa kungase kungatholakali i-hormone esontweni lesine.
Ekwelashweni kokuzala njengokukhulelwa kwe-in vitro (IVF), i-a ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokukhulelwa, ezwela kakhulu futhi enobuningi, okuvumela ukwazi inani eliqondile le-beta-hCG nokuyiqhathanisa namabanga alindelekile kumzuzu ngamunye wenqubo.
Izinguquko ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba lukamama kanye nendawo yokufakelwa
Esinye isigameko esibalulekile senzeka emzimbeni kamama: yena amasosha omzimba Iyaguquguquka ukuze ingahlaseli umzimba wangaphandle oyi-embryo, njengoba ibingahlasela ukube bekuyibhaktheriya, i-parasite, noma igciwane. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ingane yakho inengxenye yezakhi zofuzo zakho, kodwa enye ingxenye ivela kubaba ophilayo. Ngakho-ke, inezakhi zofuzo ezihlukile kwezakho, umzimba wakho ozibiza ngokuthi... abahlaseli abangaba khonaNgenxa yezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuzivikela komzimba, isibeletho siba yindawo ebekezelela umbungu ukuthi ukhule futhi ukhule.
I-blastocyst ivame ukufakwa kulokho okuyikho uphahla lwesibeletho (ingxenye engenhla), kodwa kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi indawo yomgodi wesibeletho. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesibeletho: lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, lapho umbungu umila ngaphandle kwesibeletho, ngokuvamile emapayipini e-fallopian, nakuba kungenzeka futhi esibelethweni, emlonyeni wesibeletho noma ngisho nasesiswini sesisu.
Kulezi zimo, ukukhulelwa akukwazi ukuqhubeka futhi kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nokuthi ukopha okukhulu, i-dolor abdominal intensoUkuzizwa unesizungu noma uqulekile. Uma kwenzeka ukopha okukhulu noma ubuhlungu obukhulu, kufanele uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.
Indlela yokukhuthaza ukufakwa nokunakekelwa kokukhulelwa
Ukufakelwa kuyinqubo ebucayi engaxhomekile kuwe ngokuphelele, kodwa ungakha indawo ekahle ngomzimba wakho. Ezinye izincomo eziwusizo yilezi:
- Gcina eyodwa ukudla okunomsoco, ecebile ngezithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, amaprotheni asezingeni eliphezulu (inhlanzi, inyama engenamafutha amaningi, amaqanda, ubisi) kanye namafutha anempilo.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukutholakala okwanele kwe i-folic acidi-iron, i-calcium kanye nezinye izakhamzimba ezibalulekile, ngokudla kanye nokwengezwa kokudla okunqunywe uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo.
- Gwema ngokuphelele ugwayi, utshwala, nezinye izidakamizwakanye ne-caffeine ephakathi nendawo (kungcono kakhulu kube ngaphansi kwenkomishi eyodwa yekhofi ngosuku).
- Prakthiza ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngokulingene (ukuhamba, ukubhukuda, i-yoga emnene), ukugwema ukujima okunamandla kakhulu okungase kwandise ukufinyela kwesibeletho kakhulu.
- Unakekele u ukuphathwa kokuphumula nokucindezelekaNgifuna imisebenzi yokuphumula, ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo, kanye nosizo olukhethekile lwezengqondo uma kudingeka.
Uma nje usuyazi ukuthi ukhulelwe, kufanele uye kudokotela wakho wezifo zabesifazane noma kumbelethisi ukuze akuqinisekise, uhlole ukuthi umbungu ufakwe kahle, futhi uthole iseluleko ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo. uhlelo lokuhlola okuzodingeka ukuthi ulandele. Uma ungakayithathi kakade, uzonikezwa izithasiselo ezicebile nge-folic acid ukuvimbela i-spina bifida kanye nezinye izinkinga ze-neural tube, futhi uzonikezwa isiqondiso ngokudla, ukuzivocavoca, kanye nokuphatha izimo ezikhona kakade ezifana isifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
Sikumema ukuthi ulandele nathi kulolu chungechunge mayelana nokukhulelwa. Isonto ngalinye, umzimba wakho kanye nengane yakho baqhubekela phambili kwelinye izinga kulolu hambo, futhi yize ukulinda kungazwakala kukude ngezinye izikhathi, ukuqonda okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kuwe kukusiza ukuthi uzwe yonke inqubo ngokuzola, ukuzethemba, kanye nenjabulo.
Isithombe sokuqala nevidiyo — Ukufakelwa ku-Primitive Streak.