Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunezinkolelo eziningi mayelana nokudla kowesifazane okhulelwe. Yize ukudla kweMedithera kuyinto ejwayelekile futhi kudliwa ngokuhlakanipha, kubalulekile ukugcina izinyathelo ezithile zokuqapha.
Kunokutheleleka okuningi okubangelwa ukudla esingakuthola ezimpilweni zethu futhi singaqapheli nokuthi besigula, ngoba izimpawu ziyi-banal, efana nomkhuhlane ovamile. Inkinga ukuthiEzinye zalezi zifo zingathinta ingane eyakheka esibelethweni sethu. Ake sizame ukucacisa noma ikuphi ukungabaza nezinganekwane ngakho.
I-Toxoplasmosis
Kuyisifo esidalwa yi-protozoan, i- toxoplasma gondii. Ihlushwa yizilwane ezincelisayo ezahlukahlukene, izinyoni nezilwane ezihuquzelayo futhi ingasakazeka kubantu ngokuxhumana nezilwane ezithintekile, ikakhulukazi amakati, noma ngokudla inyama noma imifino engcolile.
Ukutheleleka kwayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungadala ukukhubazeka enganeni.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha:
- Ukungathintani namakati (ikakhulukazi ngendle yabo)
- Ungadli inyama engaphekiwe noma eluhlaza
- Geza izithelo nemifino kahle kakhulu ngaphambi kokuzidla
- Gqoka amagilavu wanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wengadi
Izinganekwane:
- Awunakuba namasoseji: Akuvunyelwe ukuyidla kuphela uma iluhlaza noma ingahlaza, njenganoma iyiphi inyama, uma iphekwe kahle noma iphekwe kahle uma ingadliwa.
- Uma uyiqinisa, ungayithatha ingavuthiwe: Ukubanda kwamakhaya akuqinisekisi ukubhujiswa kweprotozoan.
Kunzima ukufinyelela nokugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele ukubhubhisa i-protozoan emakhazeni asekhaya. - Uma kuvela kuJabugo ungadla i-ham: Uphenyo alunasiqiniseko futhi kunabavikeli abaningi njengokuphambuka kokusetshenziswa kwayo ekukhulelweni, Bengizokutshela ukuthi kungcono uyiyekele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Amasaladi nemifino eboshiwe akufanele igezwe: Imifino ehlanganisiwe namasaladi akuhlanjululwa njalo njengoba kudingeka ukuqeda i-toxoplasma. Kungcono ukuwasha.
- Ukuxhumana nezinja kudlulisa i-toxoplasmosis: Ikati kuphela elidlulisa ngokuxhumana. Yizona kuphela izinhlobo zezilwane ezake zangenwa yilezi ziqeda i-toxoplasma futhi zikwenza lokho ngendle. Ezinye izilwane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zikugcina emzimbeni wazo, ngakho-ke zingatheleleka kuphela uma inyama yazo idliwe ingaphekiwe kahle.
Listeria
Kuyisifo esivela ekudleni ukudla okungcoliswe ngamagciwane iListeria monocytogenes. Leli gciwane limelana kakhulu futhi liyakwazi ukuphila ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, ukutheleleka kwayo kubantu akuvamile.
Endabeni yokuhlushwa ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungathinta ingane, kubangele ukungasebenzi kahle noma ukulimala kwemizwa.
Leli gciwane litholakala emanzini nasemhlabathini. Imifino ingangcoliswa inhlabathi noma umquba osetshenziswe njengomanyolo. Izilwane zingaphatha amabhaktheriya ngaphandle kokuba nezimpawu futhi ngaleyo ndlela zingcolise inyama yazo noma imikhiqizo yobisi.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukudla kungcoliswe ngemuva kokucubungulwa. Ubisi olungavuthiwe (oluhlaza) noma ukudla okwenziwe ngalolu hlobo lobisi, njengoshizi, kungaqukatha amagciwane.
Ukuqapha
IListeria ibhujiswa phakathi pasteurization nokupheka.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokugwema ukutheleleka ziyefana nalezi ezinconyelwe ukugwema i-toxoplasmosis noma ukugwema izifo ezinobuthi bokudla. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukungasebenzisi ubisi noma imikhiqizo yobisi engenziwanga ngobisi olunamathiselwe.
Hlala ubheka amalebula obisi, uma engacacisi ukuthi yenze inqubo yokunamathisela, kungcono ukungawadli.
Inganekwane:
Ushizi oluthambile kuphela ongadlulisa i-listeria: akulona iqiniso, Noma yiluphi ubisi olwenziwe ngobisi olungakaphaselwa lungaludlulisa.
anisakis
I-Anisakis yisinambuzane esitholakala ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla kwezinhlanzi.
Uma ngemuva kokubamba izinhlanzi bengakhishelwa masisha ngokushesha, amagciwane ashiya uhlelo lokugaya ukudla angcolise inyama yenhlanzi. Lapho umuntu edla izinhlanzi ezingcolile uyahlupheka ukutheleleka kufana ne-gastroenteritis. Izinyathelo zokuqapha zivame kubantu bonke
Amagciwane abulawa yiqhwa ku - 20ºC kanti futhi uma sibeka ngaphezu kuka 60ºC.
Ukuqapha
- Ungathathi usawoti, ubheme, ufakwe emanzini anosawoti, ufakwe emanzini anosawoti, ukhakhayi noma i-ceviche, uma ingalungiswanga ngenhlanzi efriziwe phambilini.
- Pheka ngaphezu kwama-60º okungenani imizuzu emibili (i-grilled ngokuvamile ayanele).
- Friza ngo -20º okungenani ngama-72 h. Kunconywa inhlanzi efriziwe ejulile ngoba iyakhishwa emathunjini olwandle oluphakeme futhi amathuba okuthi lesi silokazane siphile anciphile.
Inganekwane:
- Inhlanzi isabalalisa i-toxoplasmosis: Izinhlanzi zingadlulisa izinambuzane futhi uma sizilungiselele kahle singayiqeda le nkinga.
- Asikwazi ukudla i-swordfish noma i-tuna: Izinhlanzi ezinkulu ziqoqa i-mercury eningi kakhulu enyameni yazo. Ngalesi sizathu kunconywa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo futhi kudle izinhlanzi eziningi zosayizi omncane.
Ukuze uthole ukuthula kwengqondo okwengeziwe ungaxhumana ne- iphamfulethi ngezincomo zoMnyango wezeMpilo, ezeNhlalakahle nokulingana.