Izingane nazo zinokuphazamiseka kwengqondo njengabantu abadala, kuphela izimpawu zazo ezihlukile. Ukwazi ukuthi zikhona nezimpawu zazo kuyadingeka ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha nokuthi kunikezwa ukwelashwa okufanele. Ake sibone ukuthi yini i- ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okuvame kakhulu ezinganeni.
Eduze kwe- Ama-20% wezingane nentsha anezinkinga zengqondo. Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, njengoba zingenazo izinsiza ezidingekayo zokuziveza noma zilawule imizwa yazo, kunzima kakhulu ukukuthola. Kunzima ukuhlukanisa indlela yokuziphatha engajwayelekile kokujwayelekile kwengane. Manje sengizophawula ngezinkinga zemizwa ezinganeni.
Izinkinga zokukhathazeka ezijwayelekile (GAD)
Ithinta cishe izingane ezi-2-6%, futhi zivame kakhulu emantombazaneni kunabafana. Izimbangela zayo azicaci, yize kukhona umthwalo omkhulu wofuzo. Iqukethe i- isimo esiphikelelayo nesedlulele sokukhathazeka, ukwesaba nokukhathazeka, okuthinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Zivame ukwanda ngamazinga okucindezeleka.
Kubonakala ezinganeni ezine- kunzima ukunaka, ukwazi ukubonakala ungenakho ukuphumula noma ungasebenzi kahle. Bangase bezwe ubuhlungu emzimbeni, bazizwe bekhathele kakhulu, balale kabi, bangakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, bacasuke, ... kwesinye isikhathi kuvame ukudideka ukunakekelwa / ukunakekelwa kwengqondo (ADHD), yize kwesinye isikhathi behlangana ndawonye.
Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhloselwa ekufundiseni amasu okuphumula izingane, futhi kwezinye izimo ama-anxiolytics ayadingeka.
Ukunakwa kokushoda kokungasebenzi kahle
Kuyisifo se-neurobiological esivela ebuntwaneni obuvame kakhulu (ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12). Yiba ne- iphethini yokushoda kokunaka, ukungasebenzi kahle kanye / noma ukungafisi. Ngezinye izikhathi kuhlotshaniswa nezinye izinkinga ezifana ne-GAD. Le ndlela yokuziphatha iphazamisa impilo yabo ejwayelekile okungenani ezindaweni ezi-2 (isikole, umndeni kanye / noma ezenhlalo).
Okuvame kakhulu kule nkinga ukuthi kutholakala isukela eminyakeni engu-6, okuyilapho impilo yesikole iqala khona. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngengane, nangamandla ahlukahlukene asukela kokumnene kuya kokubi kakhulu. Kungavela eyodwa kuphela yezimpawu ze-3: ikakhulu ukunganaki, ikakhulukazi ukungasebenzi kahle / ukungacabangi, nokuhlanganiswa kwakho kokubili. Izimpawu zalezi zinkinga zemizwa ezinganeni kwesinye isikhathi zivame ukwehla njengoba ingane ikhula.
Izimbangela zingaba ziningi, zombili zingabangelwa izici zofuzo nezemvelo. It has a heritability of 76%, kanti okunye kuzoba ngenxa yezici ezingezona ezofuzo. Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kufaka nemithi nokwelashwa kwengqondo.
Izinkinga zokuziphatha
Cishe i-3,5% yezingane nentsha ehlushwa yinkinga yokuziphatha, kepha ikakhulukazi kubonakala ebusheni. Kuthatha i- ukungabi namandla okulawula umfutho, isimilo nemizwa, ephula imithetho yezenhlalo neyokuziphatha, izinkambiso noma izibalo zeziphathimandla. Bangaba nokuziphatha okunolaka noma okusongelayo, ukukhohlisa nokweba nokwephula imithetho ngokungathi sína.
Kungangena ngaphansi kwesigaba sokuphazamiseka okuphazamisayo, okuthi imvamisa kwenzeka ngemuva kokuphikisana nokuphikisana okuphikisayo. Ukusixilonga, kubalulekile ukuba nezethulo ezi-3 ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezidlule, futhi kufanele kusho ukonakala empilweni yengane / eyeve eshumini nambili.
Izinkinga zokucindezeleka
Kukholwe noma ungakukholwa, izingane nazo zihlushwa ukucindezeleka njengabantu abadala, kepha izimpawu zazo zehlukile. Cishe i-2% yengane inenkinga yokudangala. Ngaphakathi kokuphazamiseka kwengcindezi ezinganeni esikutholayo: ukuphazamiseka kokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokudangala, kanye nokuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo (i-dysthymia).
Kubantu abadala, uphawu oluvelele luvame ukuba lusizi, kepha ezinganeni kuvame ukucasuka, okuvame ukukhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle nokuziphatha okunolaka. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngale ndaba, ungaphuthelwa yindatshana "Imiphumela yokudangala kwengane".
I-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Ukudlanga cishe kungu-1% wesibalo sezingane nentsha. Iqukethe i- ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo kokuxhumana nomphakathi, yini ethinta ukuxhumana komphakathi kanye ne- amaphethini acacisiwe futhi aphindaphindiwe kanye / noma izintshisekelo. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Kunezigaba ezi-3 zokuqina: okokuqala, uzodinga usizo, kolwesibili, usizo oluphawuleka kakhulu, kanti kolwesithathu, cishe usizo oluqhubekayo.
Ngoba khumbula… ukwazi kuzosisiza ukwazi ukuthi singathola kanjani uma kukhona inkinga engalapheka ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo engcono.