Inhliziyo ingesinye sezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu Yini esinayo ngaphakathi komzimba wethu. Itholakala esifubeni sethu okuyi-thorax ne itholakala phakathi kwamaphaphu amabili. Usayizi wayo ucishe ufane nesibhakela sethu futhi uvame ukuba nesisindo esingama-gramu angama-300, lowo womuntu omdala ungafinyelela ku-450 g.
Inhliziyo inomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu futhi kufanele ngokuqhubekayo futha igazi kuwo wonke amagumbi omzimba wethu futhi ukuze senze kanjalo kufanele sicabange ukuthi sinokumelana okukhulu nokuqina. Kungakho-ke kufanele sisinakekele kakhulu isimo sakho, ngokuvivinya umzimba ngokulingene futhi ukudla okuhle.
Yini inhliziyo?
Kuyisitho esingenalutho esilingana nesibhakela futhi simiswe njengepheya Itholakala phakathi kwamaphaphu amabili, ngaphakathi kwezimbambo. Ukuma kwayo kutshekele kancane kwesobunxele nengxenye ekhonjiwe ibheke phansi.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wenhliziyo uku ngokuqhubekayo upompa igazi kuwo wonke amagumbi omzimba wethu. Kulokhu kuthunyelwa kwegazi kuzokwenza lokho ngokunyakaza kokuncipha futhi izolayishwa nge-oxygen ehlanzekile etholwe emaphashini. Leli gazi lizohamba ngamashubhu abizwa ngemithambo futhi Izosabalalisa le oxygen kuwo wonke amaseli, izicubu, nezitho.
Igazi liphela kanjani nge-oxygen kufanele ibuyele emaphashini iyokhokhiswa umoya-mpilo. Izofinyelela emaphashini bese ihlanzwa kuqala, ngoba ilayishwe imfucuza, futhi izogcwalisa ne-oxygen ukuze iphinde idlule enhliziyweni iphinde iqale umjikelezo wayo futhi.
Njengengeniso kufanele wazi ukuthi inhliziyo izinkontileka phakathi kwezikhathi ezingamashumi amahlanu nekhulu ngomzuzu lapho siphumule, ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca umzimba. Lokho kufinyelela cishe izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu ngosuku. Y Iyakwazi ukumpompa cishe amalitha we-10.000 egazi ngosuku emzimbeni wonke. Sinamalitha wegazi alinganiselwa ku-5 emzimbeni futhi kuzoba yizona ezijikeleza njalo zisuka enhliziyweni ziye emzimbeni wethu. Kunezikhathi eziningi kakhulu ukuthi igazi lizohamba lingene ezinhliziyweni zethu ukuthi lawo malitha ayi-5 ahumushe kulawo malitha ayi-10.000 XNUMX ngosuku.
Imisebenzi yayo ngokuningiliziwe
Ngalo mdwebo esikukhombisa wona, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi inhliziyo yethu isebenza kanjani igxathu negxathu.
- Ingxenye enombala obomvu yigazi elizolayishwa nge-oxygen. Ngakho-ke, igazi elivela emaphashini nomoya-mpilo walo faka inhliziyo ngemithambo yamaphaphu yangakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele.
- Bazongena kwi-atrium yangakwesobunxele bese beya ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxeleUkusuka lapho, izohanjiswa nge-aorta ukuze igazi lisatshalaliswe kuwo wonke amagumbi omzimba.
- Igazi ekubuyeni kwalo izobuya ngaphandle komoya-mpilo ngokusebenzisa i-vena cava ephakeme ne-vena cava engaphansi ukungena nge-atrium yangakwesokudla, kudlulela ku-ventricle yangakwesokudla bese ushiya kusatshalaliswa umthambo wamaphaphu wesobunxele nomthambo wamaphaphu wangakwesokudla.
- Leli gazi libuyela emaphashini liyokhokhiswa umoya-mpilo bese uqala umjikelezo ofanayo futhi.
Isifiso senhliziyo
- Inhliziyo yenza umsindo lapho ushaya, into efana ne- "ducta-duc".
- Njengoba sishilo inhliziyo ikwazi ukushaya amabhithi aphakathi kuka-50 no-100 ngomzuzu futhi eshayweni ngalinye kudonsa amamitha ayi-80 egazi. Uma sivivinya umzimba, inhliziyo ishaya kakhulu futhi negazi ligijima kakhulu emzimbeni wonke.
- Inhliziyo ishaya ngezinga elikhulu kuze kube Izikhathi ezingama-30 million ngonyaka.
- Ukufakelwa inhliziyo okokuqala kwaba ngoDisemba 3, 1967 ngu Udokotela ohlinzayo waseNingizimu Afrika UChristian Barnard.
- Inhliziyo efakelwe isikhathi eside kunazo zonke esaphila Iminyaka engama-22, izinyanga eziyi-10 nezinsuku ezingama-24.
- Iphaphu lesobunxele lincane kakhulu kunesokudla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ishiya indawo yenhliziyo.