Mashi 21 lusuku lweWorld Down Syndrome, ngakho-ke umhlaba uyazi kakhulu ngalesi sifo ngoba bangabantu abakholekayo abangakumangaza. Kunezinkolelo-ze eziningi nge-Down Syndrome futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi ukuze zazi ukuthi yini eyiqiniso nokuthi yini engekho. Ngakho-ke namuhla, sifuna ukuchaza ezinye izinganekwane namaqiniso ngalesi sifo.
Ungalahlekelwa yimininingwane ngoba ngezansi uzofunda okuningi, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole izinto obungazi nge-Down Syndrome.
Kunohlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-Down syndrome
Iqiniso. Abantu abaningi bayayazi imbangela ye-Down Syndrome: Ikhophi yesithathu ye-chromosome 21 iyavela, idala ukuthi umuntu abe nama-chromosomes angama-47 esikhundleni se-46 ejwayelekile kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwe-Down Syndrome kwesinye isikhathi lubizwa nge-trisomy 21 futhi lubalelwa ku-95% wawo wonke amacala e-Down Syndrome ngokusho kweNational Down Syndrome Society.
Ku-5% osele, u-4% ubangelwa ukufuduswa, noma ukufakwa kwekhophi ephelele noma engaphelele ye-chromosome 21 ezimweni eziningi, i-chromosome 14 (ngakho-ke, umuntu uzoba nezici ze-Down syndrome ngenkathi enama-chromosomes angama-46). I-1% esele yilokho okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Mosaic Down Syndrome lapho ukwahlukaniswa kwama-chromosomes akulungile ngakho-ke ukuphindaphindeka kwe-chromosome 21 kwenzeka kamuva ekukhuleni kanti amanye amaseli anama-chromosomes angama-46 anamakhophi amabili we-chromosome 21, kanti amanye anama-chromosomes angama-47 ane amakhophi amathathu angama-21.
I-Down syndrome iyathathelana
Inkohliso. Awukwazi ukusabalalisa i-Down Syndrome ngoba akusona isifo esithathelwanayo noma esithathelwanayo. Uma uxhumana nabantu abane-Down syndrome, akusho ukuthi nawe uzoba nalesi sifo.
I-Down syndrome yisimo sofuzo, ayikho indlela ongayithola ngayo ngemuva kokuzalwa kwakho, iyingxenye yokwakheka kofuzo.
Bonke abantu abane-Down syndrome bayajabula
Kunabantu abacabanga ukuthi bonke abantu abane-Down syndrome bayajabula futhi bahlala bekulungele ukunikeza uthando. Noma ukuthi bathanda wonke umuntu ngesimo sabo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-Down Syndrome bathola imizwa ehlukahlukene nemizwa ehlukahlukene njengabanye.
Bangazizwa bedabukile, bekhathazekile, benokudangala ... Bathola imizwa emihle nemibi njenganoma ngubani omunye umuntu, ngoba nabo bangabantu, njengawe. Zinezimo zofuzo ezihlukile.
Abantu abane-Down syndrome banayo ngoba omama babo babekhulile
Amanga ayiqiniso. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukukhula kweminyaka yobudala bomama kuhambisana namathuba andayo okuba ne-Down syndrome. Eminyakeni engama-35 ubudala amathuba okuba nengane ene-Down syndrome ayi-1 kwabangu-350, kuthi angama-45 abe ngu-1 kwabangama-30.
Kepha kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-Down Syndrome bazalwa ngomama abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala, phakathi kuka-50 no-80%. Ngakho-ke, Omama beminyaka yonke, kusukela kwentsha kuya komama asebekhulile, kungenzeka babe nengane ene-Down syndrome.
Abantu abane-Down Syndrome abakwazi ukufunda
Inkohliso. Abantu abane-Down Syndrome bangaba bahlakaniphe kakhulu kunokuba umphakathi ucabanga. Yize kuyiqiniso ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-Down syndrome bangakhubazeka ngokwengqondo futhi bangaba nobunzima esikoleni, kuningi okungenziwa ukuthuthukisa ikhono labo lokufunda.
Kungelashwa ukuzwa noma ubunzima bokubukwa, kufundiswe ulimi lwezandla lapho lokho kungasiza (ngisho nakubantu abane-Down syndrome, abanye bakuthola kulula ukukhuluma ngezimpawu kunokukhuluma ngenxa yobunzima bokulawula imisipha yomlomo). Ungasebenzisa futhi amadivayisi anama-pictographs, uwafundise ukutadisha ngendlela ethile ngokwamakhono abo, njll. Bangaba ngabantu abaphumelelayo uma besizwa ukuba babe. Bangakwazi ukufunda kancane, nokuthi kubabiza ngaphezu kokunye, kepha ngokubandakanyeka nokubekezela bangafeza izinto ezinhle.
I-IQ emaphakathi yabantu abane-Down syndrome inyuke ngamaphuzu angama-20 eminyakeni yamuva. Abantu abaningi abane-Down Syndrome basemakilasini afanayo nontanga yabo, abanye baze baye nasemakolishi baphothule ngeziqu eziphambili.
Abantu abadala abane-Down syndrome abakwazi ukusebenza
Inkohliso. Izinkampani eziningi zifuna abantu abane-Down Syndrome ukuthola imisebenzi eminingi. Isibonelo, ungasebenza amahhovisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, ezindaweni zokuhlala asebekhulile, ezitolo ezinkulu, ezindaweni zokudlela nakunoma yimuphi umsebenzi owawulungiselele ngaphambili.
Ngakho-ke, abantu abane-Down syndrome abanomsebenzi omuhle nokubekezela okuningi bangaba nomsebenzi ocubungula amakhono omzimba womuntu ofuna ukuthola umsebenzi othize.
Yize abanye abantu abane-Down Syndrome besebenza kumasifundisane avikeleke ngokukhethekile enzelwe abantu abakhubazekile, abaningi basebenza imisebenzi efanayo nabanye abantu abangenakho ukukhubazeka, ngokuxhaswa noma ngaphandle kokuxhaswa okwengeziwe.
Eqinisweni, abanye abantu abane-Down Syndrome, njengoTim Harris owaziwayo futhi othandekayo, banabo futhi banamabhizinisi abo. UMadeline Stuart uyisibonelo, kukhona nabalingisi nabalingisi abafana noChris Burke noLauren Potter. Abantu abaningi abane-Down Syndrome bahlala nabazali babo noma endaweni yokuhlala njengeqembu, yize abaningi behlala ngokuzimela emakhaya abo.
Lezi ngezinye nje zezinsumansumane ze-down syndrome abantu abaningi abakholelwa emphakathini. Kungakho kungalokothi kube buhlungu ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalokhu ukuqonda kangcono i-syndrome nokuthi ukufakwa okuhle kwalaba bantu emphakathini wethu kubenza basebenze ngendlela yezenhlalo. Kungumsebenzi wabo bonke, okungukuthi, womphakathi, ukuthi abantu baqinisekise ukuthi bahlala bangazizwa benjengabanye ngaphandle kokubandlululwa futhi bengenawo amalebula amaningi. Unelungelo elifanayo nanoma ngubani omunye ukuze uzizwe uhlanganisiwe emphakathini.