Ukuze izingane zigule kuyinto ejwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi iningi lezingane livame ukugula izifo ezijwayelekile ezihambisana nobuntwana. Onyakeni wazo wokuqala wokuphila, izingane zingaphathwa yizifo eziningi ezijwayelekile. Ezimweni eziningi zizoba yizifo ezingezona ezimbi, kepha ngokuya ngempilo ejwayelekile yengane kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona, kungahle kwehle kube yinto enkulu.
Ngonyaka wokuqala izingane zichayeke kuzo zonke izinhlobo zabasebenzeli bangaphandle, kubangela ukutheleleka okuhlukile kwamagciwane kanye negciwane. Lo nyaka wokuqala ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili, esokuqala sisuka ezinyangeni ezi-0 kuye kwezingu-3 bese kuthi esesibili, sisuke ezinyangeni ezintathu siye onyakeni wokuqala. Isigaba sokuqala kulezi ezimbili siyingozi kakhulu, ngoba noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kungashesha kuholele kokubi kakhulu.
Kuwo wonke lo nyaka wokuqala, izingane zizogonywa futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziqinise amasosha azo omzimba kanye nokuzivikela okuzozivikela ezifweni. Kodwa kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili abawutholi umuthi wokugoma wokuqala, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ukutheleleka kungaba yingozi enganeni esanda kuzalwa. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu esenza ukuthi ukuncelisa ibele kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yezingane, ukuthi zigonywe ngobisi lukamama.
Izifo ezijwayelekile ngonyaka wokuqala
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokho izingane ezincane zisengozini kakhulu, isifo ekuqaleni esingabonakala sijwayelekile futhi sivamile, enganeni singaba yingozi enkulu. Akufanele ungazinaki izimpawu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezisencane kakhulu, nanganoma yiziphi izimpawu noma indlela yokuziphatha enganeni yakho, iya kudokotela wezingane ngaphandle kokungabaza.
Akufanele uqhathanise impilo yengane yakho neyanoma iyiphi enye ingane, ingane ngayinye izalwa inezimpawu ezingafani, inesisindo esihlukile, izinga lokuvuthwa okuhlukile kwamasosha abo omzimba nokuningi. Ngakho-ke, okusebenzela ingane eyodwa akudingeki ukuthi kube kuhle kwezinye izingane.
Izifo ezivamile ukuthi izingane zivame ukuhlupheka onyakeni wazo wokuqala okufanele sizinake yilezi:
- Izifo ezithinta i- izindizaNgakolunye uhlangothi, imigwaqo yomoya engenhla efana ne-bronchi, impumulo, umphimbo nethreyikhi. Nemikhondo engezansi okungamaphaphu.
- I-Otitis, okuyisifo esithinta izindlebe.
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba
- Izinkinga gyesayensi.
- Ukutheleleka komchamo.
Izifo zokuphefumula
Ukutheleleka okuthinta uhlelo lokuphefumula kuyahlukahluka futhi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zobukhali. Izingane zivame ukuhlushwa yi-pharyngitis, imikhuhlane, umkhuhlane noma i-laryngitis, kubalulekile ukunaka izimpawu ngoba ukukhwehlela nomkhuhlane yizimpawu eziyinhloko yesifo sokuphefumula. Lezi zimpawu zingaba uphawu lokubandayo kanye ne-bronchiolitis, ngakho-ke kufanele ubone udokotela ukuze ingane yakho ihlolwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Zingahle futhi zivele izifo ezibucayi njenge-pneumonia, isifuba somoya, i-bronchitis kanye nokutheleleka kwamaphaphu.
I-Otitis idalwa ukuvuvukala kwendlebe, imvamisa kubangelwa ukutheleleka futhi kuvame ukuvela njenge umphumela womkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Izingane ezincane zivame kakhulu i-otitis futhi kubo kuyabacasula kakhulu ngoba kubazwisa kakhulu ubuhlungu.
Izifo zesikhumba
Izifo ezithinta isikhumba zingabangelwa isikhumba uqobo ifenisha nezinduna ekhaya. Zingavela futhi ngokungasebenzisi imikhiqizo ethile yesikhumba esibucayi sezingane, ngisho nasekuthinteni isilonda ngezandla ezingcolile. Ukugwema lolu hlobo lokutheleleka kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu ngokuhlanza, geza izandla zakho kahle ngaphambi kokuthinta ingane noma usebenzise imikhiqizo ethile.
Phakathi kwezifo zesikhumba kukhona dermatitis ye-atopic nokushona kwenabukeni, phakathi kwabanye.
I-gastroenteritis
I-gastroenteritis ivame ukubangelwa i- ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma igciwane futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala nokucasuka. Imvamisa kungenxa yokusetshenziswa kokudla okukhiqiza ukungezwani komzimba noma eminye imithi edala ushintsho ku-flora yebhaktheriya. Ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga enkulu kepha uma kwenzeka ezinganeni ezincane kangaka, kuyalulekwa ukuya kudokotela ukuyohlola icala.
Ukutheleleka komchamo
Imvamisa ukutheleleka komchamo kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yomkhuhlanekodwa-ke, umucu wokuhlola wenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka akubangelwa ezinye izizathu.
Yize lezi kungezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu ukuthi izingane zihlushwe yizo, kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela izimpawu nokuthi uma kwenzeka ungabaza, uya kudokotela wezingane ngokushesha okukhulu.