Emasontweni ambalwa edlule Gcina Izingane wethule umbiko othi “Angidlali lowo mdlalo” ngedatha yokuxhashazwa kanye nokuxhashazwa kwe-inthanethi eqoqwe esikhathini sezinyanga eziningana. Saphawula ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi ukusakazwa kwabezindaba kusalinganiselwe. Nakuba sithuthuka kancane kancane ekuqwashiseni ngenkinga enkulu yomphakathi okuhlobene ne- iziqephu zokudangala ezinganeni nasebusheni, futhi Umbono wokuzibulala; futhi Lezi ezinye nje zemiphumela yokuxhashazwa ekukhuleni kwezingane ezincane..
Izolo, izinhlangano ze-ANAR kanye ne-Mútua Madrileña ziqale imibiko yokwethuka: izibalo ezitholakala kweyokuqala mayelana namacala aphathwayo ngonyaka owodwa zikhuphuke ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-75. Sekukonke, kuyaziwa ukuthi le nhlangano iphindaphinde kane inani lezigameko zokuxhashazwa/zokuhlukunyezwa phakathi kwezingane nentsha (kusukela ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi edlule). Lolu cwaningo lungolokuqala ukuhlaziya ukuxhashazwa ngokombono walabo abathintekile.Futhi kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwayo, i-ANAR kanye ne-Mutua Madrileña bamemezele izinhlelo ezahlukene zokuqwashisa kanye nokuvimbela.
Njengoba wazi, i-ANAR Foundation inezinombolo zosizo ezimbili: eyodwa eyizingane nentsha, enye eyabantu abadala nemindeni. Izizindalwazi zezingcingo zibonisa ukuthi ngonyaka owodwa, kwatholakala izingcingo ezingaba ngu-25.000 ezihlobene nale nkinga.Ngemuva kwalezo zingcingo ngazinye kunendaba yokwesaba, isizungu, ihlazo, kanye nokufuna usizo olungatholi mpendulo ngaso sonke isikhathi endaweni eseduze.
Ulwazi olutholakalayo lubonisa ukuthi inkinga yokuxhashazwa esikoleni iya ngokuya isakazeka futhi kuyadingeka ukungenelela ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu ngezindlela ezahlukene yesenzo. Isisekelo se-ANAR
Kuyini ukuhlukumeza namuhla futhi kungani kuyingozi kangaka?
Uma sikhuluma ngokuxhashazwa, asibhekiseli empikiswaneni elula neyodwa phakathi kontanga noma empini eyodwa. Ukuxhashazwa esikoleni kuyindlela yobudlova obuqhubekayo Lokhu kwenzeka endaweni yezemfundo futhi kuhilela ukungalingani kwamandla phakathi komhlukumezi kanye nesisulu. Lokhu kungalingani kungaba ngokomzimba, ngokwezenhlalo, ngokomzwelo, noma ngisho nangokwedijithali.
Ngokusho kocwaningo lwakamuva olushicilelwe yizikhungo ezahlukene kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi, Ukuxhashazwa esikoleni kungenye yezithiyo eziyinhloko zengqondo, ngokomzwelo, kwezenhlalo nakwezemfundo ekuthuthukisweni kobuntu bengane.Akugcini nje ngokuthinta ukusebenza kwezemfundo, kodwa futhi nokuzethemba, umuzwa wokuba yingxenye yeqembu, kanye nokwakhiwa kobunikazi.
Iqiniso elikhathaza kakhulu ukuthi Izisulu ezingaphezu kwesisodwa kwezithathu azitsheli muntu.Ukwesaba impindiselo, ihlazo, ukwenziwa kobudlova kube yinto evamile, noma umqondo wokuthi ukucela usizo “akunamsebenzi” kugcina inkinga ifihliwe. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani imindeni nothisha bevame ukubona isimo kuphela lapho umonakalo ongokwengqondo usuvele ubalulekile.
Ucwaningo luphinde lubonise ukuthi Ukuxhashazwa kungathinta cishe abafundi ababili ekilasini ngalinye Ezikoleni eziningi, lokhu kuvame kakhulu emfundweni yamabanga aphansi kunasesekondari. Ngamanye amazwi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kunoma yiliphi ikilasi elithile, okungenani ingane eyodwa ihlupheka buthule.
Udlame olungokwengqondo kanye nokuxhashazwa kwe-inthanethi kuvame kakhulu.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-ANAR nezinye izinhlangano kuqinisekisa ukuthi Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuhlukumeza ubudlova obungokwengqondoUkuthuka, ukugconwa, ukuzihlukanisa nabantu, ukusakaza amahemuhemu, ukuhlazeka komphakathi noma kwangasese, izinsongo ezifihliwe, ukuthukwa ngokomzwelo, njll. Ngokuvamile akukho ukushaywa ngokomzimba, kodwa kukhona umonakalo ojulile nohlala njalo ngokomzwelo.
Ngoba amadivayisi anokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi, vumela ukuqhubeka kokuhlukunyezwa okwenziwe kulabo abahlukunyeziweKusobala ukuthi amanethiwekhi omphakathi ayithuluzi elisha elisetshenziselwa ukuhlukumeza; ikakhulukazi amaqembu e-WhatsApp adalwe yizingane kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo kanye namanethiwekhi. Ukuhlukumeza akusagcini nje endaweni yokudlala noma ekilasini, kodwa kungaqhubeka amahora angama-24 ngosuku., okwandisa ukukhathazeka kanye nomuzwa wokungabi nendawo ephephile.
Ucwaningo olutholakalayo lubonisa ukuthi Ukuhlushwa esikoleni kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuhlushwa ukuxhashazwa ku-inthanethiCishe ingxenye yezisulu zokuxhashazwa iyavuma ukuthi ike yabhekana nohlobo oluthile lokuxhashazwa ku-inthanethi. Ezimweni eziningi, abahlaseli abafanayo abahlukumeza abafundi ekilasini baqhubeka nokuxhashazwa ngomakhalekhukhwini, babelane ngezithombe ezihlazisayo, badale amaphrofayili mbumbulu, noma bashiye amazwana ahlambalazayo.
Sifunda ukuthi iminyaka evamile yokubhekana nokuxhashazwa yiminyaka eyi-12 neyi-13 ubudala, ngemva kwalokho inani lamacala liqala ukwehla. Kodwa-ke, Amacala amaningi atholakala naseminyaka yokugcina yesikole samabanga aphansi., lapho sekuvele ukusetshenziswa omakhalekhukhwini okusabalele kakhulu kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana ziba yindawo yezingxabano zobudlelwano.
Masingakhohlwa ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi amantombazane nabafana Badlula esikhathini sezinguquko ezibucayi kakhulu lapho badinga ukuqonda okuningi ngomhlaba wabantu abadalakanye nokwamukelwa okukhulu kontanga yabo. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi izisulu zokuxhashazwa nge-inthanethi zizizwa kanjani lapho zihlaziswa futhi zidelelwa ngontanga bazo, ngisho nalabo abababheka njengabangane babo. Futhi ngendlela: sikhuluma ngabafana abangu-49% kanye namantombazane angu-51%. amaphesenti afanayo kakhulu kubo bobabili ubuliliLokhu kususa inganekwane yokuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kuthinta ubulili obuthile kuphela.
Esinye isiphetho esangidonsela amehlo yilesi: “abazali bavame ukusabela ngokweqile, bafune ukufaka izikhalazo, futhi abazamukeli izinyathelo zesikhathi esimaphakathi ezivela ezikoleni.” ngakho-ke bakhetha ukushintsha izingane zesikole, benengozi yokuphinda isimo ". Mayelana nalokhu, ngeke ngiphikisane nemininingwane esifundweni esisinikeza yona, kepha ngenxa yazo zonke izimo zokuhlukumeza engizazi mathupha kubantu abahlukahlukene, bengingeke ngigcwalise isici sokungazamukeli izinyathelo zesikhathi esiphakathi. Futhi ngikusho lokhu ngoba yonke imindeni esishintshe izingane zayo isuka esikoleni noma ezikhungweni zezikole, ikwenze lokho ngemuva kwezinyanga noma iminyaka eminingi ilwa nenkinga engazange ixazululwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi izinhlaka nezindlela ezihloselwe ukwenza isikhungo semfundo sisebenze kangcono aziphumeleli nhlobo.noma zisetshenziswa sekwephuzile futhi zingalingani.
Izimpawu zokuthi ingane ingase ihlushwe ukuxhashazwa
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ngokuxhashazwa ukuthi Ngokuvamile akuqapheli imindeni nothisha.Ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala. Izisulu zivame ukuthula, futhi ababukele abalokothi bakhulume. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuxwayisa.
I-Official College of Psychology yaseMadrid kanye nezinye izikhungo ezikhethekile ziqokomisa ezinye izimpawu okufanele zisenze siqaphele:
- Isimo sengqondo esiphansiukucasuka, ukudabuka okuvamile, noma izinguquko ezisheshayo ekuziphatheni ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.
- Ukungabi nasithakazelo emisebenzini engangiyijabulela ngaphambiliniikakhulukazi uma zihlobene nesikhungo semfundo noma amaqembu ontanga.
- Izinkinga zengqondo nomzimba njengekhanda elibuhlungu noma izinhlungu zesisu ezivele njalo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuya esikoleni noma ekolishi.
- Ubunzima bokulala kanye nezimpawu zokukhathazeka: ukuqwasha, amaphupho amabi, ukwesaba ukuba wedwa, ukwesaba ebusuku.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla noma izinguquko emikhubeni yokudla (ukuyeka ukudla noma ukudla ngokweqile) okungachazwa ngezinye izizathu.
- Ukumelana okukhulu nokuya esikoleni: izaba eziqhubekayo, ukukhala, ukuhlaselwa ukukhathazeka noma izicelo eziphindaphindwayo zokushintsha izikole.
- Ukwehla okungazelelwe kokusebenza kwezemfundo, ukuntuleka kokugxilisa ingqondo, ukukhohlwa njalo ngezinto zesikole.
- Ukuphuka, izingubo ezidabukile, noma izinto ezonakele ngaphandle kwencazelo ekholisayo, noma ukunyamalala okuphindaphindiwe kwezimpahla zomuntu siqu.
Ukuthola esinye salezi zimpawu ngokwazo akusho ukuthi kukhona ukuhlukunyezwa, kodwa ukuqongelela kwezibonakaliso eziningana kanye nokuphikelela kwazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Yebo, kufanele bakhuthaze ingxoxo ezolile nengane kanye nokuxhumana okusheshayo nesikole.
Indima yomqapheli: ukuqeda ukuthula
Yonke imikhankaso yakamuva yabelana ngomyalezo obalulekile: Ekuxhashazweni kunamaqembu amathathuUmhlukumezi, isisulu, kanye nomuntu obukele. Izingane ezibona ukuxhashazwa, zihleka, zibheka ngenye indlela, noma zingangeneleli nje, ngokungazi ziba yingxenye yenkinga.
Izinhlelo eziningi zezikhungo zigxile kule ndima yombukeli. Eminye imikhankaso yomphakathi ihlelwe ngeziqubulo ezinjengokuthi “Ungagcini lutho kuwe” noma “Ngeke ngithule ngokuxhashazwa, akunjalo?”, egcizelela ukuthi Ukuthula akumsizi isisulukodwa kunalokho kuqinisa umuzwa wokungajeziswa komhlaseli.
Eminye imikhankaso, eqhutshwa yimikhakha yezenhlalo neyebhizinisi, ikhumbuza abantu ngemiyalezo eqondile ukuthi "Ukushaywa akuhlali kushiya amamaki, kodwa ukuthula kuyashiya amamaki."Umqondo oyinhloko ucacile: izingane, intsha, imindeni, othisha, nanoma ubani othola isimo sokuxhashazwa esikoleni kumele akubike. Ukuxhashazwa akuyona indaba yangasese phakathi kwezingane ezincane; kuyindlela yobudlova edinga ukungenelela kwabantu abadala.
Yingakho izinhlelo eziningi zokuvimbela zisebenza ngqo ekilasini ukuguqula iqembu lisuke endaweni evumela noma eqinisa ukuxhashazwa libe yisimo inethiwekhi yokusekela esebenzayo evikela labo abahlukunyezwayoAmakhono anjengozwela, ukuqiniseka, ukuxazulula izingxabano ngokuthula, kanye nekhono lokucela usizo ayaqeqeshwa.
Umkhankaso othi “Akukho ukuxhashazwa. Ukuqeda ukuxhashazwa kuqala ngawe”
Ukubambisana phakathi kwe-ANAR kanye ne-Mútua Madrileña Foundations kudlulela ngale koCwaningo: kuyaqalwa umkhankaso owenziwa ezikoleni emiphakathini eminingana ezimele futhi okukhuthaza ukuqwashisa nokuvimbela inkinga emakilasini. Lo msebenzi wenzeka ngezikhathi zeqembu ezisebenzisanayo, lapho izazi zengqondo zifuna khona ukuzibandakanya kwezingane nentsha, zisebenzisa amasu ahlukene okuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo.
Le ndlela ihambisana nomqondo wokuthi Umphakathi wonke wezemfundo unesibopho sokuqeda ukuxhashazwaAkwanele ukujezisa umhlaseli uma inkinga isivele ithuthukile kakhulu; kubalulekile ukudala amasiko aphakathi lapho ubudlova bungabekezeleleki khona, futhi lapho ukucela usizo kubhekwa njengesenzo sesibindi, hhayi ubuthakathaka.
Lokhu kungenye yalezi ezimbili amavidiyo okuyingxenye yomkhankaso, njengesithombe esisembozweni: "Ukuthula kwakho lapho ubhekene nokuxhashazwa kukwenza ube yingxenye." Lokhu okwamanje kwabelwana ngakho ku-inthanethi, kanye ne-hashtag ethi #NoBullying.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NepWqGEjZh8
Kusafanele ngihalalisele abagqugquzeli balesi senzo; kodwa futhi ngithanda ukukusho ukuthi yize ngigubha kakhulu noma iyiphi iphrojekthi ehlose ukuvimbela noma ukubhekana nokuxhashazwa, kwesinye isikhathi kunginika umuzwa wokuntuleka kokuhlanganiswa kwakho konke Las izinhlelo eziningi zomhlaba wonke ezithuthukiswayo (noma ezihloselwe ukuthuthukiswa) Ezweni lethu, kuningi okwenziwayo, kodwa Izenzo zenhlangano ngayinye, ukuphatha, noma isisekelo azihlali zixhumene ngokuhambisanayo..
Imikhankaso yezikhungo kanye neyezenhlalo yokulwa nokuxhashazwa kwezikole
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izinhlangano zomphakathi ezahlukahlukene, izinhlangano eziyisisekelo kanye nezinkampani ziye zakhuthaza imikhankaso ethile yokulwa nokuxhashazwa okuhloswe ngakho ezinganeni, intsha, imindeni kanye nothisha. Bonke babelana ngomyalezo ofanayo: ukuxhashazwa kuyinkinga yomphakathi engathinta noma yimuphi umntwana, futhi impendulo efanelekile kuphela ukubandakanyeka kweqembu.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokuphoqelela umthetho zigxile ekubalulekeni sola Lezi zimo kanye nokubaluleka kokungathuli kuyagqanyiswa. Amavidiyo asakazwa ezinkundleni zokuxhumana aneziqubulo ezifana nokuthi “Ungagcini kuwe,” egcizelela ukuthi izisulu kanye nofakazi kufanele bafune usizo. Eminye yale mikhankaso ikhumbuza ababukeli ukuthi “akuzona zonke izibhaxu ezishiya izibazi, kodwa ukuthula kuyashiya,” okugcizelela umthelela ongokomzwelo wokuhlukunyezwa ngokwengqondo.
Njengengxenye yokuqeqeshwa okunikezwe umphakathi wezemfundo ngezingozi ze-inthanethi, Lezi zindlela zokuhlukumeza kanye nokuxhashazwa kwe-inthanethi zibhekwana nazo ngendlela epheleleNjengoba zingagcini nje endaweni yesikole noma emahoreni esikole, amadivayisi edijithali anganwebeka usuku lonke, athinte ubuthongo futhi abeke engcupheni inhlalakahle yentsha.
Eminye imikhankaso yokuqwashisa yesifunda, njengaleyo eqoqwe ngaphansi kwama-hashtag afana ne-#stopbullying, ithumela imiyalezo eqondile efana nokuthi "Ngeke ngithule lapho ngibhekene nokuxhashazwa."Lezi zinhlelo zikhuthaza ukuzindla futhi ziqokomisa ukubaluleka kokushintsha kusukela ekubukeni okungenamsebenzi kuya esenzweni. Ngokuvamile zikhona kokubili ezinkundleni zokuxhumana zendabuko kanye nasezinkundleni zokuxhumana, lapho ukufinyelela kwazo phakathi kwentsha kanye nemindeni kwandiswa khona.
Okunye okuphawulekayo yimikhankaso ekhuthazwa yimikhiqizo ehilelekile ekulweni nokuxhashazwa, egxile ezimweni ezithile zokugconwa, njengalezo ezihlobene nokubukeka ngokomzimba noma izinguquko zomzimba ezivamile ebuntwaneni. Sisebenza ngqo nomqapheli, enikeza okuqukethwe okuku-inthanethi, amamojula emfundo kanye nezinto zokufunda ezikoleni ukuze abafundi, othisha kanye nemindeni bakwazi ukuthatha indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni lezi zenzo.
Indlela yomhlaba wonke: imfundo, ucwaningo kanye nokuvikelwa kwempilo yengqondo
Izinhlangano eziningi ezikhethekile, njengeColacao Foundation kanye nezinye izinhlangano eziholayo, zizibophezele ekusebenzeni ezindaweni ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukufinyelela emphakathini, imfundo kanye nocwaningo maqondana nokuxhashazwa esikoleni. Inhloso ukukhulisa ulwazi ngalesi simo, ukudala impikiswano yomphakathi, nokufundisa wonke umphakathi ngokubaluleka kokusiqeda.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amasu asemthethweni ezempilo yengqondo asevele ehlanganisa ukuxhashazwa esikoleni njengenye yezinselelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ebuntwaneni nasebusheni. Ukuxhumana phakathi kokuxhashazwa nezinkinga ezinkulu ezingokomzwelo kubhaliwe ngokucacile.Ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, imicabango yokuzilimaza, ubunzima bobudlelwano lapho usukhulile, ukuzethemba okungapheli, njll. Ngakho-ke ukubhekana nokuxhashazwa kuyindlela eqondile yokuvikela impilo yengqondo yentsha.
Kulesi simo, imikhankaso ehlukahlukene exhaswe yiziphathimandla zemfundo ihlose ukuqwashisa ngokuthi ukuxhashazwa kuyisenzo esingathi sína okumele senqatshwe yiwo wonke umphakathi, nokuthi akumelwe kubikwe yisisulu kuphela, kodwa futhi nayibo bonke abaqaphela noma yiliphi icala. Umyalezo oyinhloko ukuthi ukuvikela izingane kuwumthwalo wemfanelo wokubambisana..
Okungenani kuyinto okufanele sibonge ngayo. lokho ku-portal yoMnyango Wezemfundo Yokuba Khona Ngokuvumelana yonke le misebenzi kanye nezinsizakusebenza ziyaqoqwa, okwenza kube lula ukufinyelela ezintweni ezivela ukuqwashisa, izinqubo kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu kwezikhungo zemfundo.
Futhi njengoba sisesemsebenzini, ngingathanda ukubona uhlelo lwesifundazwe olufana nolwesiFinland luqaliswa unomphela. okuqinile, okuzinzile, kanye nokuzibophezela okuqinile komphakathi wonkeUkuphathwa, izikole, imindeni, abafundi, abezindaba kanye nomphakathi bonke bayabandakanyeka. Okwamanje, yonke imkhankaso, yonke imithombo, kanye nayo yonke ingxoxo esiyidalayo ngalolu daba inegalelo ekuvikeleni labo abayidinga kakhulu.
Ukuxhashazwa esikoleni kanye nokuxhashazwa ku-inthanethi akuyona into eyenzeka ngokushesha noma edlulayo, kodwa uhlobo lobudlova olulimaza kakhulu isithunzi sezingane kanye nentshaIzibalo ezivela ku-ANAR, izifundo zemfundo, kanye nemikhankaso yezikhungo kanye nezenhlalo zidweba isithombe esicacile: kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe ukuze uhlale ezikhungweni zemfundo ezingenalo ulaka, kodwa yonke imizamo yokuvimbela, yonke inqubo esebenzayo, wonke umuntu omdala olalelayo, kanye nawo wonke umfundi ofunda naye onquma ukungathuli kusisondeza kancane kulowo mgomo.
Ulwazi oluningi - Ake siyeke ukuhlukumeza